Labor Law

The Law Review - Laws of Attraction

2010-04-11T00:17:00.003+07:00

In this series of articles on Universal Law we will explore the laws, or a subset of them, and understand how we should work with them and how violations of them can impact our lives. This installment will focus on ten laws that will give you a solid foundation and understanding of the Laws and how you can begin to take control of your life and manifest your own reality.

1. THE LAW OF KARMA

The Law of Karma states that we, as humans, are responsible for all of our actions, and hence, must make payment for any action committed that results in negative consequences for oneself or others. Also known as the" law of cause and effect", this law is irrevocable and is the key to maintaining balance in the Universe. So when we stray from righteous action, we know to expect justice. This law also applies to our positive actions, and must be understood if we are to begin to grab hold of our lives and guide ourselves toward our soul's true destiny.

If you have seen "My Name is Earl", you will see an excellent example of how one man interprets his life's actions and his attempt to equalize his bad actions so that life will begin to flow in a positive way. While incredibly humorous, it is not far off from truth. One of the most important things that people need to grasp about this law is that Karma does not necessarily seek balance immediately, nor will its response correlate exactly to the action you took. For example, every bad thing Earl did was not equalized by Karma immediately, in fact his debt accumulated and then when he won the lottery - wham, karma got him.

So timing is not going to be precise with Karma. Often times, Karma will seek balance when things are going well and you are doing the right thing, and, it is the reason why you may find yourself shaking your fist in the air and saying "why God". The reality is, those negative occurrences in our lives are a result of some action we did days, weeks, months, years or even lifetimes ago, and because our memories are short term, we forget about our past actions and usually go into despair over our own self-created situation.

2. THE LAW OF THOUGHT

This Law states that thought precedes all creation, and hence, energy follows thought; energy needs only to be guided by thought and the process of creation begins.

OK, let's think about this one. Nothing exists until our mind says it does. Wow! That is a powerful concept. But think about it, if someone told an American settler in 1850 that man would travel to the moon or that we would travel around the world in metal canisters up in the sky and make it from Boston to California in less than 6 hours, they would think you were certifiable. Our mind must conceive of an idea and put energy to it in order for it to manifest in our physical world.

3. THE LAW OF MANIFESTATION

The Law of Manifestation, also known as the Law of Attraction, requires that we believe in the principle that "what we need for our evolution will be supplied by the Universe".

If what we desire and ask for is worthy, and we believe it is available to us when we ask for it, then it will be delivered. The key to applying this law is to find an appropriate method of making the request. And it must harm no one. This means it must have absolutely no negative impact on any party, directly or indirectly. Otherwise Karmic debt comes into play.

This is the root of what we as humans believe are miracles and why prayer is so powerful. If you ask for, believe, visualize, focus and act, the Universe will deliver! It really is that simple, the gotcha is usually tied to our ability to really believe. When you are in the depths of poverty, and everyone around you is in despair, it can be very difficult to believe that you simply need to believe your way out of poverty. Yet it does happen and happen often.

4. THE LAW OF RESPECT

The Law of Respect requires that we truly understand our actions and our requests and is the key to making appropriate requests for manifestation. This is not the respect we think of on a day to day basis, but the respect that understands what it truly means when we say "harm no one" and "respect all life".

You must look deep within yourself and understand the impact of your actions. This is most often evidenced when we comment after a negative occurrence, "well it was not my intention", but the "outcome is the outcome" and can't be taken back, and you are responsible. Work with the Law of Respect, and the secrets of the Universe will be revealed to you, and life will become bliss and ecstasy. Follow the trail of your action to its conclusion for everyone impacted, directly and indirectly, and you will understand your level of respect in the situation.

5. THE LAW OF GRATITUDE

The Law of Gratitude states that energy follows a defined path, so when it is generated it travels out on the arc line of the Universe and must return to its origin. So it is written.

This can be a tough one to grasp. I often have students challenge me when I tell them to be grateful for everything, the good and the bad; that in gratitude, negativity can be undone. This is the reason why...gratitude generates positive energy and with it, returns to the originator untold gifts from the Divine Realms. So when we are grateful and remain positive in a negative situation, the energy we create can undo the negative, because positive energy is exponentially more powerful than negative energy. And, it is the reason why when we express our gratitude sincerely for the "good things" in our lives, we receive even more "good things". So when bad things happen, remember to thank God, thank Spirit, thank your Creator, thank the Universe...it works!!!

6. THE LAW OF THE VACUUM

The Law of the Vacuum states that the Universe cannot tolerate a void (think of a black hole) and hence when it finds one it will fill it, being cognizant of this is critical to working with it. This is the key to how our world gets out of control.

Think about how your mind works when you are not focused and concentrating on something...do not your thoughts come crashing down upon you? And then think about how it works when you have a million things to do. I know I am infinitely more productive when I am busy; I seem to be able to take on ten more projects. Take on too much and I don't realize I am on the edge of a crash. Yet, when I am not working and relaxing, the day slips by and I say "where did all the time go".

Another good example of this law in action is reflected in our relationships. Have you ever been in a relationship that wasn't working, but you stayed because you were afraid of being alone. This fear and attachment to what we have, prevents us from making the space and movement in our lives for something new and better.

This law points us towards balance...if there is too much space chaos ensues, not enough and we get stuck. The vacuum creates movement. So, when we step on the Path, what do we do? We get unstuck or unattached. When we step on the Path, we are usually at a point in our lives where life isn't working for us, we are ready to let go of something in order to effect change in our lives. This decision creates space, and the more we work on ourselves, the more the Universe creates movement and begins to fill the void. Move too fast on the path and the vacuum will bring in more than you can handle and chaos ensues.

By understanding and working with this law one can actually begin to take control of life and allow your new reality to emerge. When we work with this law properly we also expend the least amount of energy to get the change to occur. How often do we hear people say, "Why does life have to be so hard?" Well I am here to tell you it doesn't. So keep in mind, when your actions are correct...or filled with Light...then the vacuum will fill the void with Light filled life at a pace that the human mind can tolerate.

7. THE LAW OF MONEY

You say, "finally we get to the good stuff". Not so fast...it is all good stuff, and, money is just another symbol for energy; a container so to speak and what we use to create it is attached to it. Hence when we receive and do not share, the law of Poverty will eventually kick in. But if we reap, with the purpose of giving back, then the Law of 10 Fold return kicks in. Money received in alignment to all the preceding laws will reap nothing but positive things into your life. Money not properly earned or abused, once earned, will bring negative consequences into your life.

8. THE LAW OF POVERTY

Poverty is an energy container just like money is. The Law of Poverty has many layers to it. Poverty can mean lack of money, health, success, happiness...you get the picture.

b. I don't deserve it -Those who work hard, but don't feel deserving of what they reap, will remain in a state of poverty. Have you ever felt guilty when you do well and have more than someone else? If you feel bad about what you have, you will never receive what you truly deserve...no matter how hard you work.

c. The World owes me -- Those who feel justified in being idle and not working for what they want in life and simply take from others what does not belong to them, either literally or figuratively. This includes taking credit for other people's ideas and or work.

d. Blessed and don't know it - Oh, and what of those who are blessed with good fortune, be it money, health, happiness, etc. (and perhaps blessings that were earned in previous lifetimes) and they misuse these blessings by not understanding what they have truly been given in this lifetime, thereby generating another go on the karmic wheel of life. Have you ever met someone who has it all and does not appreciate it or even know it?

e. Scrooge -- Those who have it all, know it and keep it to themselves. We know the expression, "penny wise and pound foolish", this is them.

f. Attached -- What about those who become overly attached to an idea or way of life, you know, "can't see the forest for the trees". I once had a client who came to me and told me that a psychic told her she would meet a new man in her life and that he would be blond. She then became so fixated on looking for that man, that when the Universe sent her a man and he was tall, dark and handsome, she let him go. What a shame!

g. The self-fulfilling prophesy -- Those poor souls who believe they have been cursed in this life or feel unworthy. They truly manifest their beliefs.

h. The Victim -The person who is a victim of collective karma, being born into poverty or into an impoverished nation, for example.

i. The Shadow Knows --Those whose subconscious has buried guilt and shame so deeply, that the person cannot find their way out of the poverty they are in without help. If you are in poverty, and do not see yourself on the list, this is most likely your root cause.

j. Looking in all the wrong places -- And finally there are those who feel that prosperity is external and look for it outside of themselves and do not realize the shift they must make within.

9. THE LAW OF TENFOLD RETURN

Ahh now this is a good one... And one of the best reasons for living within the Law. This Law states that when you give (of your time, money, love, etc.) with spiritually pure intentions, the Universe will return to you a fortune equal to or greater than ten fold the original gift. This Law works beautifully with the Law of the Vacuum and is the foundation of high magic. Ever wonder why some people have all the luck...

10. THE LAW OF CO-CREATION

And finally we come to the Law of Co-Creation, which states the power of exponential return. Where two work together, they have the power of four, and hence 10 have the power of 100. You get the picture.

And this, my dear friends, is the reason why I believe "you can change the world".

Rose Siple
Spiritual Teacher and Physician of the Soul

Rose's passion is assisting others in awakening the divine seed within. Through the awakening of consciousness we connect to this Divine Seed within us. "What better way to spend your life than to help people on the Path. My focus is to honor the teacher within all of us and to nurture each individuals process of growth and unfoldment". She is certified as a Bio-Metaphysical Physician (Harmonyum practioner) with Joseph Michael Levry, a Reiki Master, and Karuna Reiki Master, certified in Color and Sound Healing, Trance Healing, Past Life Therapy, Inner Child Adult Integration Therapy and many other metaphysical healing modalities.

As a Physician of the Soul, Rose has study many different modalities. Her preferred method of healing is Harmonyum, a powerful transcendental healing system born out of Universal Kabbalah. However, she also works with many other modalities and works with the client to determine the appropriate session to pursue.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Rosemary_Siple

Challenging Times for International Law

2010-04-11T00:17:00.001+07:00

This article takes a snapshot in time of the relevance of international law. It does so by taking the historic purposes of international law as the point of departure for floating the idea that international law must cater to the reality of contemporary times to be sufficient.

For long, international law or the law of nations was understood as the panacea for resolving inter-state disputes. Those who viewed international law through the lens of criticism could but quote a few instances of its absolute failure. However, even the biggest of its opponents could not criticize international law endlessly because there were no Iraqs, Afghanistans, 9/11s or 7/7s for that matter.

The same is no longer true. A layman or a lawyer alike would rather paint a bleak picture of international law through the brush of the realities of ongoing armed conflicts to which international law has failed to put an end. A very important question naturally comes to mind: is international law living through challenging times? It is indeed. Is it sufficient as it stands today? Yes and no.

Historically, international law has served two main purposes: it has provided a platform for like-minded states (the traditional subjects of international law) to resolve their disputes through mutual debate. Secondly, it has narrowed down exceptions to the use of force. Unfortunately, these very purposes continue to be cast in serious doubt by recent developments at the international level.

"Like-mindedness" is a comforting triggering factor for states to agree on a dispute resolution framework. However, it is precisely just that. States are increasingly refusing to enter into negotiations with emerging subjects of international law on the pretext that they are opposed to civilization or that they do not share their vision of "like-mindedness". Consequently, a disparity or grey area now exists between states and emerging subjects which is increasing by the day.

This disparity may partly be explained by sovereignty which is the jealously guarded claim by a state over its territory and existence. Sovereignty, in its nature, is opposed to claims by insurgents or terrorists. Historically, insurgencies, rebellions and terrorist acts have been dealt with with an iron fist by states. The veil of sovereignty has been pierced by international law mostly in the backdrop of the collective will of the international community. For instance the UNSC authorized collective action against Iraq in 1990 in which the sovereignty of Iraq was negotiated to the collective will of the international community.

However, sovereignty does not and can never constitute the biggest threat to international law. In the opinion of the authors, the gravest threats to contemporary international law lie in (i) the non-recognition that the context of "like-mindedness" as originally envisaged is in a gradual state of transition, (ii) that emerging subjects of international law are now a reality of the times in which we live and, (iii) the belief of states and emerging subjects that power is the sole constitution of international law.

"Like-mindedness" explains the most essential percept of the earliest foundations of international law. "Like-mindedness" is conceptually grounded in the belief that "peace and mutual co-existence" is the right of every state in the world. States elevated themselves to a horizontal level of the status of "equals". In line with the understanding that "equals cannot be treated unequally", states identified themselves as equals in terms of their legal rights and obligations towards one another even if the political and economic influence that they held individually would change.

A potent manifestation of "like-mindedness" inherent in traditional international law is the United Nations (UN) created in 1945. Its purposes included reaffirming the international rule of law, developing friendly relations among states and achieving international cooperation in solving disputes between states.

But the five decades of UN life and consequently the success of international law is viewed differently. Those who see the glass as half empty quote instances of the failure of the UN in providing solution to the Israel-Palestine dispute, putting an end to the Cold War, or in stopping the invasion of Iraq. Those who see the glass as half-full paint a picture in which a world without UN is shown hostage to chaos, with war as the rule and peace the exception. Both these views are tenable but fail to explain the reasons behind the inadequacy of international law in the present times.

The "like-mindedness" which was a founding feature of international law and the UN has inevitably failed to comprehend the reality posed by the emerging subjects of international law. In the past few years, notably after the tragic events of September 11, international law has been put to trial. The established principles of international law have been cast into doubt. It is increasingly being argued that they do not apply to emerging subjects.

It is a fallacy to assume so because when law and material reality collide, it is law that must accommodate. Insurgencies and terrorism are a reality. Concerted international efforts need to be made to find solutions through dialogue and debate. Account should be taken of the political milieu passing through which emerging actors of international law have matured at the international level. Disputes between states and emerging subjects of international law must be addressed through a bi-lateral framework in which they are treated as the "new equals" in an evolved paradigm of "like-mindedness".

International law needs to avoid the allegation that its constitution is grounded in power. Sense of ownership over international law is crucial to international dispute resolution. It is one thing to despise terrorist acts and quite another to rule out negotiations or dialogue with terrorists. The first is a corollary of humanity. The second of common sense and wisdom. Allowing emerging subjects of international law to benefit from international rights and guarantees would inculcate in them a sense of responsibility towards international law.

International law has taken centuries to evolve but could easily fall victim to power if reason does not evolve its journey with the changed circumstances. It is important for internationalists to grasp the ramifications of "change" introduced by emerging subjects of international law. Responses that have familiarity with reality would avoid misconstruing the purposes of international law. Fear of risking sympathy towards emerging subjects of international law must be discarded altogether and they must be allowed to generate their perspective in an environment of dialogue.

The co-authors, Hassan Aslam Shad and Barrister Taimur Malik, are Research Fellows at the Research Society of International Law (RSIL), Pakistan. They may be contacted at: hshad@law.harvard.edu

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Let's Say Goodbye To Vanity Laws

2010-04-11T00:14:00.001+07:00

Once upon a time, in countries far and wide, rulers such as kings and emperors created laws that all subjects living within their realms were forced to obey. If the king or emperor was a fair and just person, the laws they made served the people they ruled and everyone, for the most part, was happy. But inevitably, there came to the thrones within these lands kings and emperors who were not fair and not just. And the laws that these monarchs made caused suffering to their people.

And so it came to pass that people arose in defiance of these monarchs and demanded change. Chief among the demands of the people was that the law be placed above all men - including kings and emperors. They also demanded that laws would not arbitrarily change and that new laws would not be enacted without the consent of the people.

In other words, instead of the King being the law, the law would be King. And those governed by the "Rule of Law" would have an equal voice in the creation and administration of such laws.

Revolutions were brought and many people gave their lives to bring about such change.

This is why we in the United States don't have things like "King James Law" or "Queen Anne's Law". We have public laws, enacted by our elected officials through consent of the people. We live under the Rule of Law and not under the rule of someone making up laws by which we must live. At least, that's the way it's suppose to work.

Lately however, we seem to have embraced some sort of macabre fad that ushers in new laws named after people who were victims of one calamity or another. This new law fad has been happening so fast and so frequently that some people have come to call these new laws, "vanity laws".

You know what I am talking about. I'm talking about Adam's Law and Mary's Law and Scott's Law and God-Only-Knows Law. They are popping up everywhere, in every state, and even on the federal level.

Unfortunately, no one is given a pass in life. Bad things can and do happen to good people. And it is understandable that friends and relatives of people who suffered calamity would want to honor them. When John Lennon was shot out front of the Dakota in New York, people showed up and placed flowers on the ground where he was slain.

Since then, flowers and crosses and pictures and signs and all sorts of memorabilia have shown up on curb sides and fences and everywhere someone perished in an automobile accident or some other tragic event. It has become so prolific that ordinances have been passed to remove these makeshift memorials from the pedestrian way in many cities. While the public seems to have said enough is enough to these roadside shrines, unfortunately the public hasn't done enough to say enough is enough with vanity laws.

So, I have decided to start. ENOUGH ALREADY WITH VANITY LAWS!

In a democracy, no law should bear the name of anyone. Remember, we are supposed to live under the rule of law through the consent of the people. We are not supposed to live under Joe's law at the whim of Joe's weeping relatives.

I know that sounds harsh. But bear with me for a moment longer and I will explain why I am being harsh.

Let's start with "Katie's Law". If you enter the search term, "Katie's Law" in Google or some other search engine, you are going to find several different Katie's Laws. That's because this craze has gotten so big we are starting to run out of names. But in this case, I am referring to Katie's Law that originated in New Mexico.

In 2003, a young woman by the name of Katie Sepich was brutally attacked and murdered in New Mexico. Although police had little clues to go on, they did find DNA evidence under the fingernails of the victim. The police entered the DNA into the national DNA database and waited to find a match.

Katie's parents found out that in most states, a person is only required to register their DNA in the national database if they are convicted of a felony. They reasoned that if the law was changed to require anyone arrested on a felony charge to give their DNA to authorities, then the perpetrator of the crime against their daughter might be more quickly found. And so they started the effort to create "Katie's Law", which requires just that. In January 2007, Katie's Law was enacted in New Mexico. Since then, anyone arrested on a felony charge in that state, must register his or her DNA in the national DNA database.

At present, 11 states have laws similar to Katie's Law and 26 states are considering enacting the law.

Katie's parents are correct. If people arrested on felony charges are forced to submit to DNA testing, then some cases will be solved that otherwise would not. The actions on the part of Katie's parents are also understandable. What happened to their daughter was beyond evil and their determination to find the person responsible was and is admirable.

What is not understandable nor admirable however, is the actions of elected officials who put common sense aside and for political gain, seize upon these passionate issues and usher them into law. When they do this, they do not serve the people. They also do not serve the victim in whose name the law will be enacted.

Katie's Law is a bad law. And I say that for four reasons. First, there is the presumption of innocence that we subscribe to under the laws of this land. You and everyone else in this country is presumed innocent until proven guilty. This being true, how can we force people who have not been convicted of a crime to give up their DNA? I can see no difference in demanding that an accused register their DNA and demanding that every person in the U.S. register their DNA.

Now mind you, I am not talking about requiring someone who is arrested for a specific crime being required to give DNA to compare to other DNA found at that particular crime scene. What Katie's Law requires is that anyone - for any reason - who is arrested on a felony charge, must submit his or her DNA to the national DNA registry - where it will forever be kept on file.

Secondly, our laws are supposed to preclude authorities from forcing any person to incriminate himself or herself. Every time a person is arrested, police are required to read them their rights. They are told that they have a right to keep silent. They have a right not to incriminate themselves. But how can we tell someone he has a right to keep his mouth shut but no right to protect himself from genetic testing? What Katie's Law means is that for any reason what-so-ever, police can submit an arrestee's DNA into the national database to see if they find a match somewhere for some reason. It's like trolling for a criminal charge.

Once your DNA is registered in the national database, it will remain there for the rest of your life - regardless if you are innocent. Regardless if the charges are dropped. Regardless if you were falsely accused or falsely arrested. You are in the database - forever.

Thirdly, DNA is shared. Two or more people can have the exact same DNA. Identical twins for example, will not have the same fingerprints, but they do have the same DNA. So while DNA evidence is useful for excluding someone from having perpetrated a particular crime, it is not conclusive evidence that someone actually committed a crime.

And finally, there is the simple fact that in a democracy, we should respect law enforcement, but we should never unconditionally trust law enforcement. Contrary to what most people think, when the police arrive at a crime scene they do not start looking at clues that lead them to a suspect. What police generally do is decide on a suspect and then build a case against him or her. If, during the case building phase of the investigation, the police find they cannot obtain sufficient evidence for an arrest, ideally they will look for another suspect and start the whole case building phase again. But in some cases, too often in fact, some police don't stop when they hit a wall.

Instead they coerce confessions and they resort to torture. That is how innocent people go to prison. With Katie's Law, we have given these police officials another avenue to build cases. And because of this, one day, a police officer will decide that someone is probably guilty of a crime. And the police officer will reason that if he can just get a sample of that persons DNA then he can tie them to the crime he is investigating. And so that hapless person may find himself stopped by some cop for a simple traffic violation and during the course of that traffic stop the officer will just happen to find a bag of suspicious white powder in that person's car. Enough white powder to warrant a felony arrest and the requirement that the person submit to DNA sampling.

It is unfortunate; but this will happen. Katie's Law will be abused by law enforcement to obtain DNA results.

It will make the task of law enforcement easier and faster. And if some poor schmuck has to battle a phony felony charge because of a cop's shortcut, well, to some cops' thinking, that's just collateral damage. Take a look at all the people that are presently being freed because DNA evidence has exonerated them. Then ask yourself the big question that no one seems willing to ask. Ask yourself how all these guys wound up in prison in the first place? The sad, sad, truth is that there are bad cops out there. And Katie's Law hands these bad cops a new tool in which to do bad things.

Katie's Law isn't the only bad law going on the books these days. Vanity laws are being enacted nearly every day in various states. At a minimum, vanity laws are confusing to the public. In their extreme, vanity laws fly in the face of a democratic republic, built upon the rule of law. In our society, laws should never be personal. All laws should be impersonal. They should not be created out of emotion - they should only be enacted out of reason. Katie's Law is a bad law and vanity laws are a bad idea. We should put a stop to this nonsense before people get hurt and our republic falters.

Often humorous and always politically incorrect, journalist and author John Fanning tackles commentary on subjects that affect every American but never seem to get the media attention they deserve. America's Street Guide column bellows from the heartland and into the beltways of America with insightful and informative commentary that every American should read. To access past columns by this author go to: http://www.chiefengineer.org/content/archive_list.cfm/datakey/25.htm

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The Rule of Law

2010-04-11T00:13:00.002+07:00

One of the most fundamental requirements of a civil society is the rule of law which means that the people must follow the law of the land irrespective of his or her status or position in the society. In the modern world, the developed countries feel proud that their society is governed by the rule of law while most developing countries like India feel ashamed that their society does not have the rule of law. The developed countries are the role model for the underdeveloped countries, where the rule of law is still a distant dream.

Societies that follow rule of law are often considered more civilized as there is much more order in the society. Every thing in such societies appears to be in order. The roads are clean, lawns and parks are well-maintained, government officials work in office, trains and public transports run on time. Further, there is virtually no corruption in public offices. People are well paid, deliver better efficiencies and keep everything neat and clean. These societies appear perfect to the people of other parts of the world, who often wonder why they can't be like them.

All societies need laws for their existence. Even though the laws may be different in each society, yet there are some basic principles that are common to all laws of the world. These fundamental principles are equality, fraternity, justice and liberty. The Indian constitution, for example, incorporates these goals in the preamble to the constitution which seeks to secure for all its citizens justice, liberty, equality and to promote among them the spirit of fraternity.

These principles are so universal in nature that they find place in every civilized society of the world. It is matter of great surprise that in reality the outcome of the rule of law is just the opposite. The more civilized a society is, the more is the inequality among its population - more injustice to the have-nots, less liberty due to strict enforcement of law and more hatred among the citizens based on race, caste and religion. What goes wrong in the implementation in the so-called rule of law?

Law of Nature

Indian thinkers in the Vedic period, i.e. around 3000 years before the birth of Christ, discovered that the universe does not perform its functions at random but follows certain laws. These were called "Rita" or the universal laws or principles that guided the universe. The progress of man can be largely attributed in understanding these basic principles of nature and exploiting them for the benefit of the human race at the cost of the rest of the creations. The laws of man, therefore, run contrary to the laws of nature as they are human-centric and not designed for all the creations of God or Nature.

One of the basic differences between man-made-laws and the laws of Nature is that the laws of nature are spontaneous as they require no effort in implementation. For example, in a natural piece of earth like a forest, the earth produces trees, plants, fruits and vegetables spontaneously without any need of watering or breeding. The nature itself provides timely rain and fertilizer to the new plants. The forests and the mountains are covered with greenery and beauty, which is purely natural since it comes without any effort.

On the contrary, the man-made creations like parks, trees, plants are artificially made. They too may look as beautiful as the natural ones, yet they cannot survive without regular effort on the part of man. Imagine a park, which is not maintained for a few months, or a house not cleaned for months. It will lose all its beauty and soon be filled with dust and weeds. No building or modern gadget can survive without external effort from man. However, all natural creations are able to survive on their own and maintain their existence; and enjoy their life without any external support.

The laws of nature are just as they treat every specie (and not only man) with equality. In a jungle, every specie gets its due share of food, air and water which enable them to live a dignified life without being dependent on any other creation. Nature makes no distinction between one specie, and the other as all species are the children of the same God.

However, in the man's world, every other creature is killed if it is not useful for man. They can survive only if they can be useful for man. Thus man's world does not treat any other creature of the nature with respect and does not provide them any right of equality, liberty, justice or fraternity. He cleverly usurps this universal law and makes it applicable only for human beings. For all other lesser species, he has created a man-made-law, calling it 'the law of jungle' or 'the survival of the fittest' which justifies his domination over the weak creations. The fact, on the contrary, is that the laws of jungle are far more just and equal for all species than the man-made-law.

Most men are not concerned about the way they treat the lesser animals as they feel that 'the survival of the fittest' theory is more logical than the laws of nature. However, they forget that every principle created in the universe has to be applied on them also and that they may not always be a beneficiary. Man-made-laws do not stop with animals but they soon spread their wings to encompass human beings, too. This is where conflicts between man and man starts that gives rise to hatred and wars. Man feels the pinch when the law of jungle is applied against them and the law of nature is denied to him. He is hurt when he is treated like weeds by the society.

Weeds: The Undesirable Plants of Nature?

One of the most interesting creations of the natural world is weed. Weeds are undesirable vegetation in the kingdom of plants. Weeds are defined as any plant that is not valued by the human society and usually tends to overgrow or compete with valued flora. Weeds are the plants which are considered by human beings as unattractive, undesirable, or troublesome.

In the natural world, man has to continuously fight against weeds to make their artificial plants survive. Weeds grow automatically and if the artificial gardens do not have the support of man, it is soon overpowered by weeds and the whole field or garden becomes full of weeds. Weeds are created by Nature (God) as no human effort is required to grow them. They are, however, so powerful that man has to continuously guard his creation from these weeds, lest all creation of the civilized society is destroyed. Weeds are as undesirable to man in the world of plants as criminals in the human society.

Criminals: The Necessary Evil for the Civil Society

Similar to weeds in the natural world, there is a growth of criminals in civilized societies. Who these criminals are? Why do they grow? Whether the criminals are healthy people or are they mentally ill as often thought by the civilized world?

Criminals are defined as the people who commit crime. Crime is defined as an act that is a violation of the criminal law that is punishable by law. Crime is usually considered an evil act and criminals are often seen as evil created by Devil, out there to destroy the civilized citizens, the children of God.

There are many similarities between criminals and weeds. Criminals grow automatically in every society and the society has to work hard to weed out these criminals. Criminals like weeds are so powerful and competitive that they have the power to defeat the civilized people. They are, therefore, fought jointly by the society. Yet in every society, there is crime and there are criminals. We are used to look criminals as evil that is unnecessary just like weeds. Yet if God (Nature) is the creator of all, then everything in this world must have been created with a purpose. "What could be the purpose of creation of criminals?" We wonder.

Criminals are, as a matter of fact, creation of the civilized world. In an uncivilized world, there would be no law, so there can be no violation of law and hence, no criminal. If we wish to understand the utility of criminals in the civilized world, we must imagine the world of nature without weeds. In such a world, all plants will have to be grown by man with artificial watering - canals, tube-wells, and other irrigation systems used for agriculture. In all certainty, man will grow only such crops and plants that are useful to man and the rest of the species would surely not survive in the man's world. Further, man's energy is limited and with all his effort, he can hardly take care of a minuscule part of the world by artificial plantation, so the rest of the physical world would be without plants and so without oxygen and other animal life and eco-system. This will soon lead to the end of the world including the human being.

The role of criminals is similar to the role of the weeds. Imagine a world without crime i.e. everyone follows the law of the land without questioning. It will only provide status quo in the world. Kings will always be kings and only their children or loved ones can become kings. Poor will always be poor. Kings will frame more inhuman laws that would give them more powers. The less fortunate people would die out of hunger and poverty as they won't break the law and the state will have no obligation to feed them. Thus the world without criminals would be a place where people will die due to inaction, boredom and cruelty. Such an ideal world, indeed, would be the most inhuman and most undesirable to mankind.

Thankfully, people called criminals automatically grow in every civil society as soon as man creates laws to govern it. The laws of man are always challenged by them since they are mostly against the laws of nature i.e. equality, justice, liberty and fraternity. States always have to face opposition from such people who break the law and are known as criminals. They may have an ugly appearance as weeds but they only provide oxygen to the society for its life. Thus in posterity, people recognize them not as criminals but as heroes.

The Path of Heroism

While man hates criminals, he worships the heroes. He can lay his most valuable possession i.e. his life on a single call from his hero. Who are these heroes? Are they law-abiding civilized people or the law-defying criminals? Take the example of Mahatma Gandhi in the modern world. He was perhaps the biggest criminal in the time of the British rule in India and he was jailed many times on charges of being waging war against the state. He spent more than 15 years in jail for his various crimes. Yet the people of India call him 'Father of the Nation' and love him more than any civilized person on the earth. Nelson Mandela spent 27 years in jail, yet he is a national hero not only for South Africa but for the entire world.

In history, we can find numerous examples of great people who have broken the law and having been punished for their criminal acts. The list includes people like Christ, Prophet Mohammad, Socrates and Galileo. Yet it is these people who changed the history of the world and they are rightly worshiped as heroes by the masses even after their death.

How many people you have ever known who have become heroes without breaking the law and committing crimes in their time? Perhaps none. Heroes are created not by following the law but by breaking the law.

Rule of Divine Law

It is not always good to follow the law blindly as it provides order and rule of law in the society but kills the humanity as the implementation of most of the man-made laws are against the natural laws. Man-made laws are often disguised under the cover of natural laws like equality, justice, liberty and fraternity yet they serve just the opposite purpose. Most people see the letter of the law but fail to grasp its spirit. One must understand that breaking man-made laws is one of the fundamental requirements of all civil societies, if it contradicts the natural or divine laws. Thus every person who breaks the law need not be a criminal. One must go deeper into the facts before declaring a law-breaker to be a criminal. The key distinction perhaps would be to see if he is breaking the law for the interest of the humanity or for his own selfish end. Is it need-based or greed-based? There lies the distinction between good and evil, between a true criminal and a hero. One who is breaking a law for others or to fight injustice is a hero and not a criminal. A poet said "Jo lade din ke khet, Sura toi" (One who fights for the weak is the real hero).

Mr. Awdhesh K Singh holds his B. Tech. from Institute of Technology, Bananas Hindu University Varanasi and M. Tech. from Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi. He was granted study leave for the PhD course in 2002, for doing PhD from ABV- Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management (IIITM) Gwalior, India. His PhD thesis on the topic “Expert System based Decision Support System for E-Governance: An Application to Indian Customs” is undergoing evaluation.

He has published several papers in International Journals and Conferences on the subject of E-governance and the application of Artificial Intelligence tools like Fuzzy Logic (FL) and Expert Systems (ES) for Indian Customs. He also has keen interest in the study and application of Indian Philosophies for solving the real-life problems of the modern world.

Many of his articles are published on the website of Aatmic Science Forum http://www.aatmicscience.com

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The Universal Law of Attraction - How Many Universal Laws Are There Anyway?

2010-04-11T00:13:00.001+07:00

The 7 Universal Laws, the Law of Attraction, the 12 Universal Laws of Success, the 6 Spiritual Laws of the Universe... All those terms, one talks about 6 Laws of the Universe, the other talks about 7 Universal Laws, yet another talks about 12 Laws of Success, I've even seen people talking about 21 Spiritual Laws of the Universe, or rather 21 subsidiary Universal Laws. All sources of knowledge promise the same magic of manifesting and attracting all desires and dreams of people applying one or more of these Laws.

Yet so few people are actually living their desires, dreams and success. Despite all the available knowledge about the 7 Universal Laws, the Law of Attraction, the 12 Universal Laws of Success, the 6 Spiritual Laws of the Universe and the subsidiary Universal Laws or Spiritual Universal Laws, there's only a handful of people reaping the benefits that are promised to accompany the application of the Universal Law of Attraction or the interplay of Universal Laws in general.

So why don't all those people not 'attract what they desire', 'manifesting their dreams', or 'achieving the success they've always longed for'? Even the hundreds of thousands of people who have seen the movie 'The Secret', or the documentary 'What the Bleep Do We Know', or read the 'Attractor Factor' by Joe Vitale, or the Laws of Success by Napoleon Hill, or the 'Secrets of the Millionaire Mind' by T. Harv Eker, or any other popular self-help or self-improvement book, movie, film or other resource? One reason is that there's no such thing as "effortless attraction". As much as you'd like not having to put in any effort whatsoever, there's always a bit of effort involved. But that's a subject for another time... But there's another, very important reason.

Here's what the problem is. People can't see the forest because of all the trees anymore. They completely lose track of the big picture. There's just too much information about the 6 or 7 Universal Laws, the Universal Law of Attraction, the 12 Laws of Success, and so on. People don't know which book, film, movie or other resource to pick. Are there 6 or 7 Universal Laws? Or are there 12 Universal Laws of Success? Or is there just 1 Law of Attraction? Or do you have to know about 21 Subsidiary Laws or Spiritual Laws or whatever?

Who's right? Well, in a way, none of them are right. Or all of them are right. It depends on how you look at it. Let's set this all straight.

The Universe is infinite. There are no boundaries, and no limitations. As humans, we are aspects of this Universe. In one way, we are the Universe, in another we are separate aspects of this Universe. This is not the time and place to get into the details of this, but if you want to learn more about this, scroll down and click the link in the bio box.

The truth is that our lives unfold through the application of Universal Laws, among which the Universal Law of Attraction. We can do this either consciously, or unconsciously (as most people do). If you do it unconsciously, life appears to be a series of 'accidents', and the big bad outside world appears to be making things hard for you in achieving your success.

However, as you apply the Universal Law of Attraction or the Universal Laws in general consciously, you can engineer your own success. You can set the stage for achieving your desires, and then act accordingly. The acting part is absolutely crucial, and this is where the efffort comes in. But what's important for now, is that you need to be aware of the way in which the Universal Law of Attraction or the Universal Laws work together and the nuances of how they need to be applied.

So, how can all different sources be right? How can there be 6 and 7 Universal Laws at the same time? How can there simultaneously be 12 Laws of Success or 21 Subsidiary Laws of the Universe or Spiritual Laws of the Universe?

The answer is simple. Once again, the Universe is infinite. You can make things as complex as you like. Or as simple as you like for that matter. Make it more complex, and you can easily make up 21 Universal Laws, or 21 Subsidiary Laws. Make it a bit more simple and you can easily get to 12 Laws of Success. Or just stick to 7 Laws of the Universe. Every version may be potentially correct. What's important is to what extent a resource is right for you.

I always like to make things as least complicated as possible. It's not that I can't make things complicated. If you want I can give you at least 100 subsidiary laws of the universe, and call them spiritual or required to attract and manifest whatever it is you want. But that's not going to help you. The more Universal Laws you need to remember, the more difficult you make things on yourself, and the less likely it becomes that you achieve all your desires and dreams.

True enough, just knowing about the Universal Law of Attraction isn't enough. There are some other Universal Laws to know about and understand if you want to apply the Universal Law of Attraction correctly. However, it doesn't help you if you must think about a whole bunch of additional Universal Laws, subsidiary laws, spiritual laws, and so on all the time.

You know, there's a way around this whole mess of 7 Universal Laws, Subsidiary Laws of the Universe and Spiritual Laws of the Universe, 12 Laws of Success, every average Joe and Jill pretending to be an expert about the Universal Law of Attraction these days, and so on. You can just get yourself an extremely clear and straightforward description of just 6 Universal Laws, or Laws of the Universe if you like. One of these is the Universal Law of Attraction. The fact that there are only 5 others doesn't mean that this resource is less accurate or comprehensive than the 12 Laws of Success, or the 21 Subsidiary Laws of the Universe, or the 7 Universal Laws, or the '100 merry-go-round Spiritual Laws of the Universe rolodex', or whatever fancy thing people come up with these days. There's too much information, a too complex web of knowledge these days already anyway, so the last thing you need is an even more complex and overly detailed description of the Laws of the Universe.

Discussing just 6 Universal Laws, or Laws of the Universe if you will, done in the right, clearest and most straightforward way possible, allows you to automatically cover any subsidiary Universal Law you or any other can possibly think of. These 6 Universal Laws are the main Laws of the Universe, or the main Laws of Success. By pulling the levers on these main Laws, you'll automatically set the stage and create the circumstances for reaping more benefit than you can even imagined possible from your application of the Universal Law of Attraction alone.

And because you don't make things too hard on yourself by keeping things simple, you don't need more than that in the form of 12 Laws of Success or 21 Subsidiary Laws of the Universe, or 21 Spiritual Laws of the Universe, or whatever. You can just cut to the chase, apply the Universal Laws and the Universal Law of Attraction in the right way, covering any potential subsidiary law, and you'll create the life you've always wanted in the quickest and most straightforward way possible.

Give yourself a break, and make things easy on yourself for a change. It's been hard enough for long enough already. Apply the Universal Law of Attraction and the other main Laws of the Universe together in the right way, and start changing your life.

This time for real!

Nicholas P. Kidd and Henk J.M. Schram are the instigators of the alleged 'Greatest Revolution of All Time', which deals with the true secrets of the Law of Attraction and the other Universal Laws in ways much clearer than the 'enigmas wrapped in riddles' that usually characterize the descriptions of the Law of Attraction and its application.

They are known for their straightforward explanations of complex issues that they manage to make understandable to people from all walks of life.

They can be reached at http://www.revolutioniz.com Also, over there much more information can be found on the 'Great Revolution', the application of the Law of Attraction and the Universal Laws in general.

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Employment Law and Equal Pay Act

2010-04-11T00:12:00.002+07:00

The Industrial Revolution has brought radical changes in the working place. This historical phenomenon swept much of the world, especially Europe where it started and the Americas. One radical change it brought to the working place is the deterioration of working conditions as the number of workers or employees rose meteorically. In this regard, the government would need to pass laws protecting the rights of workers. These protective laws paved the way for the creation of modern employment law in the United States.

What is Employment Law?

The Employment Law protects employees or workers from any kind of mistreatment on the workplace. The poor working conditions that resulted from Industrial Revolution led to the creation of laws establishing fair wages, limiting the number of working hours in a week and prohibiting child labor. Other labor related laws also include laws regulating the cleanliness of the workplace, protection of employees from any kind of hazardous accidents.

Employment Laws have been passed standardizing the provision of benefits by the employers for the employees.

Employment Law includes health insurance that benefits workers if medical problems arise due to poor work condition or unsanitary workplace. In addition, Employment Law also covers protection against discrimination in the workplace based on religion, race, gender and other factors.

Let us focus more on employment discrimination laws that protect employees from discrimination in the workplace. The US Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) enforces several employment discrimination laws that protect employees from compensation discrimination. One of these laws is the Equal Pay Act of 1963. The passage of this law is milestone in labor history as it ensures that there shall be no wage discrimination based on sex in the workplace.

The Equal Pay Act

As stated above, this law requires that no wage discrimination shall take place based on gender. This law requires that men and women be given equal wage for the same work rendered in the same workplace. The jobs need not to be the same, but they must be essentially equal.

Further, the EPA states that it is not the job titles that matter in determining whether jobs are substantially equal but the job content. Men and women alike are protected by EPA as it prohibits unequal wages to both genders that perform a job that requires substantially equal amount of work, skill and responsibility in the same workplace and same working conditions. Pay differentials are only allowed when they are based on merit, seniority, quantity or quality of production or other factors than gender.

Employees expect that their employers will adhere to the Employment Laws discussed above. Moreover, basic standards of fairness in terms of employment decisions shall be observed in the workplace, like equal page for equal job for both sexes. Sometimes, however, these labor laws are not adhered to by employers. If you are a victim of unfair labor practice, do not hesitate to fight for your rights. An experienced civil rights lawyer or employment lawyer might help you build a strong case against your abusive employer.

Charlie Prenicolas is a legal researcher who writes informative articles on Illinois civil rights, medical malpractice, and personal injury cases. For more information on reputable Chicago civil right lawyers, kindly visit Dolan Law Offices today.

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Illegal Immigration & Labor Unions - Response to a Case Study

2010-04-11T00:12:00.001+07:00

Throughout this essay, I will discuss any claims that Maria may have and any remedy she would be entitled to if she were to win. Also I will discuss any defenses that the Hotel may have against Maria's claims.

Maria would have legitimate claims under the NLRA (specifically, Section 8(a)(3)) and Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Possible remedies would be the reinstatement of Maria in her former position with back pay plus interest. More so, since the Supreme Court ruled in Sure-Tan Inc. v. National Labor Relations Board, 467 U.S. 883, 893 (1984), that undocumented workers are entitled to the protections and remedies under the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA).

Unfortunately, the enactment of Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 (IRCA) created a new employment eligibility verification system, commonly known as the "I 9 process," to deter the employment of unauthorized workers. IRCA makes it unlawful for employers to knowingly violate the employment eligibility verification requirements and makes it a crime for an undocumented worker to use false documents to obtain employment.

Moreover, the Supreme Court decided in Hoffman Plastic Compounds, Inc. v. NLRB, 535 U.S. 137 (2002) that an undocumented worker who was unlawfully terminated for participating in union organizing activities and who had gained his employment by presenting false documents was prohibited under federal immigration law from receiving an award of back pay under the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA).

Thus, the Hotel could ask the court to dismiss the claim, and argued that Hoffman precluded illegal aliens from bringing any claims under the FLSA; NLRA, Title VII or whatever.

Fortunately, all is not lost because the NLRB, States (e.g., New York and California) and lower courts are finding ways to hold employers accountable. For example, the defendant in Balbuena, et al. v. IDR Realty LLC, et al., 2006 asked the court to dismiss the claim, and argued that Hoffman precluded illegal aliens from bringing any claims under the FLSA. According to National Immigration Law Center, the defendants, citing Hoffman, continued by filing a motion, arguing that federal law preempted Balbuena's state tort claims and that an award of lost wages to Balbuena would undermine national immigration policies. The court rejected this argument, and interpreted Hoffman as applying only to the "very specific" remedy of back pay for work "not performed." Howbeit, Balbuena suffered a reversal on appeal.

Harvard Law School trained Attorney Dennise A. Calderon-Barrera put it best,
undocumented does not necessarily mean unprotected under U.S. labor laws. It does mean, however, that under certain U.S. labor and employment laws, undocumented aliens will be left without comprehensive and effective protection, to the detriment of all workers within U.S. borders and to the detriment of U.S. immigration laws and policies.

In conclusion, I discussed claims that Maria had and the remedy she would be entitled to if she were to win. Also I discussed defenses that the Hotel has against Maria's claims.

Karl A. Mitchell

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Do You Really Need New Labor Law Posters?

2010-04-11T00:11:00.003+07:00

If you run a business and have employees, there are a slew of federal and state labor law notices you're required to post where employees can see them each day. These are often called labor law posters, or compliance posters. They include things like minimum wage laws, the federal USERRA, non-discrimination notices, and more. Keeping up with everything that ought to be posted and making sure that the most current notices are posted in the workplace can be a real chore for big and small businesses alike. What's more, posting a collection of paper notices can make your office look messy.

To solve the problem, a number of companies sell labor law posters that combine all the state and federal regulations on one or two posters. The posters, in general, are a good thing. They tidy up offices and help businesses stay in compliance with labor laws. But unfortunately, some of the companies that market labor law posters by mail use hard-sell marketing tactics to get you to replace your labor law posters before you really need to. In fact, some of the marketing materials that get sent in mail seem somewhat misleading and deceptive.

One ploy that's been used in various parts of the country is a mailing that has the word FINAL NOTICE in all capital letters on the top of the page of an official-looking document. Below the "Final Notice" headline was text stating that the employer must comply with the new labor posting requirements and that failure to do so could lead to government fines of up to $17,000 and other possible dire consequences.

Other tactics include mail-merging the name of the recipient company into the letter and using text in the letter such as a Notice Number, Reference Number, and a Reply By date designed to make recipients think the mail is somehow an official warning. If your business gets a notice like that, take the time to look at who it really comes from. If you see the words poster service, or compliance service, or if you see an out-of-state address, you can be sure the official-looking "Notice" is just a sales letter. Another dead giveaway: the letter will tell you how to order labor law posters from a private company.

If you're unsure when labor law notices you need to post were last changed, check with the US Department of Labor and your state labor department to find out if there have been any changes in required postings. Remember, too, that no matter what the labor law poster companies tell you, you don't need to buy a new poster just because it's a new year. You only need to replace your posters when the state or federal laws listed on them change. For a list of the latest changes in state and federal labor law posters see the Business Know-How website.

© 2008 Attard Communications, Inc. Janet Attard is a small business expert and the the founder and president of BusinessKnowHow.com, http://www.businessknowhow.com a leading small business information and ecommerce site. The site offers business ideas, marketing ideas, customer service tips, human resources management tips, and also sells labor law posters and training materials.

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Guide to Labor Law Poster Compliance Requirements

2010-04-11T00:11:00.001+07:00

Are you displaying the most up to date version of the State and Federal Labor Law Notices in your workplace? This is a mandatory requirement, and failure to display these laws in a prominent place can result in fines or citations for your business.

What California and Federal Labor Law Notices do I need?

These laws cover a range of topics relating to health and safety and employee rights. The types of the State and Federal Labor Law Posters that you will need to display depends on your business, but in general you must display all that relate to your specific industry and employees. For example, if you have Spanish speaking employees you will need to display your notices in both English and Spanish. Since the details of your business can change, it is important to keep your laws up to date.

As well as any relevant Federal Labor Law Posters, you must also display posters relating to your state laws, such as the California Minimum Wage Poster. This law poster outlines the state's policy on minimum wages.

Other laws that may be required in most states cover laws and regulations around topics such as Harassment or Discrimination, Injuries Caused by Work, Safety & Health Protection on the Job, Unemployment Insurance Benefits and Emergency Information.

Further, every employer must post at each work location a complete copy of the IWC Wage Order. This Posting specifies wages, hours and working conditions for your company's industry.

Are your California and Federal Labor Law Notices up to date?

Labor laws, health and safety requirements and mandatory minimum wages can change from time to time, and you must make sure that you are always displaying the most recently updated laws.

How do I know when to get revised California and Federal Labor Law Notices?

Each revised law is available from a variety of sources, however knowing when a law needs to be updated can mean regularly checking industry and government websites or literature. Purchasing Osha4Less's 2010 Poster Compliance Solution will mean that not only with you have a complete set of current State and Federal Labor Law Notices in both English and Spanish, but you will automatically be sent any revised law notices for the remainder of 2010. Giving you the peace of mind that you will always be up to date with your compliance.

To find out more about our services and products visit our website osha4less.com or call toll-free 888-306-7377. Osha4Less is a leading provider of State and Federal Labor Law Posters in the US.

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No To Labor Law Violations

2010-02-27T19:45:00.001+07:00

All major corporations in every country all over the world are the ones which are labor-intensive. Due to the large number of employees and workers in such establishments, labor issues are rampant. The sad fact is that, it is also where most labor law violations are intensified.

These corporations are so consumed with accumulating huge productions and high profit but fail to give necessary attention to the people who strive to attain such goals. Ironically, as corporations continue to become successful and profits skyrocket, they flagrantly forget to give due credit and recognition to their employees and workers who were the main force in achieving their success.

Instead of receiving more employment benefit packages as reward for attaining high quota, employees find that their legal rights as workers, basically stipulated in state and federal labor laws are being violated. Instead of a higher income, they find themselves confronted with a scheme that pinched their salaries and long standing benefits.

In order to take steps to correct such injustices, the employees themselves need to act on it. Instead of bearing with the unfair labor practices and labor law violations they encounter, they must fight back.

An example of employee’s united stand against violation of labor laws had glowing results. In a recent ruling by a Philadelphia jury, the mega – corporation Wal-Mart was declared to have committed gross violation of state labor laws. Wal – Mart was penalized heavily for this, amounts to $78.5 million. Furthermore, after the jury ruled that the Wal-Mart company acted in “bad faith” towards the case, the plaintiff’s attorney also sought for an additional $62 million.

The class-action suit involved almost 200,000 employees and “have-been” employees of Wal-Mart and Sam’s Club. They may stand to win up to $140.5 million.

It appears that Wal-Mart has a long list of labor law violations but the issues highlighted in the lawsuit were the avoidance of paying legally required overtime and the reduction or complete disregard of employee’s right to breaks or rest.

A lady – employee who was the lead plaintiff in the lawsuit related that she was assigned to work in any department for 8 – 12 hours every month in keeping with the pressures of Wal-Mart management but was unpaid for it.

The hard-won victory of Wal-Mart employees against the violations of its management is an admirable feat. It should be an inspiration for other employees of giant corporations that are assiduously avoiding workers’ rights.

The time has come for these corporations to take a beating for violating their employees’ rights and the state and federal government as well. They must know that employees are the pillars and life support of their companies and it is high time to give respect and recognition due for them.

Our Professional Los Angeles Lawyers are expert in handling href="http://www.mesrianilaw.com/Personal-Injury.html">Employment law cases like Labor Law Violation

Labor Law - Know Your Employee Rights in the Workplace

2010-02-27T19:44:00.002+07:00

Labor law allows employees to have legal rights in the workplace. If you have any kind of dispute with your current or previous employer you want to find a good attorney that specializes in this type of law. You may have an issue with getting paid a commission from an employer and finding a lawyer that can help you is your best option. Maybe you are having a problem with another employee and need to have some legal advice your best bet is to talk to a labor attorney. It is important that you find someone that specializes specifically in helping out employees in the workplace.

You may find an attorney that does any type of law but for you to get your best results you want to find someone who specializes in these types of legal issues. The basic reason labor laws were created so that the employer or in unions cannot have unfair labor practices. This protects you from having any issues with the place you work for or the union that you are a member of. It is good to know that there is somebody who can help you when you have an issue at work. The first thing you need to do is to interview several attorneys and pick the one that fits your needs the best.

Remember if you are having an issue of work you're best off is to find a lawyer who specializes in labor law. There were many lawyers available but finding one that you're comfortable with can help you out the most. You may have to interview several attorneys before you find one that fits your specific needs the best.

Find Free: Labor Law Advice

Free: Help Labor Dispute

Bryan Burbank is an expert in the field of Legal Issues and Finding Attorneys

Legal Services of Labor Law Attorneys

2010-02-27T19:44:00.001+07:00

Labor law attorneys deal with a broad range of labor issues mainly related to how employers treat employees, former employees and applicants for employment. This includes all the areas of the employer-employee relationship, negotiations, and the collective bargaining agreement.

Generally, labor laws were designed to create a bargaining balance between employers and employees; prohibiting management and the union from engaging in "unfair labor practices" and encouraging both parties to engage in faithful collective bargaining.

Labor laws also grant employees the right to unionize and allow employers and employees to engage in typical union activities like strikes, pickets, seeking injunctions, and lockouts, which is done for getting their demands heard.

What Labor Law Attorneys Can Do

Labor law attorneys deal mostly with employers and the union. These lawyers help management by carrying out following tasks:

• Reviewing client employee handbooks, manuals and policy statements

• Assisting with federal and state wage and hour law issues and claims

• Representing employers before the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission and state human rights agencies

• Representing employers in unfair labor practice proceedings before the National Labor Relations Board and state labor agencies

• Providing representation for grievance and arbitration hearings under the collective bargaining agreements

• Collective bargaining on behalf of clients including strategic planning and acting as spokesperson

• Counseling on issues related to strikes or lockouts, and providing related litigation support

On the other hand, these lawyers also help employees in the workplace. They assist employees' families recover money and other compensation from illegal practices of certain employers. In addition to other labor-related disputes, they handle issues of discrimination (ADA, family leave, ERISA), wage claims, wrongful termination or demotion, invasion of privacy, whistle-blowing (Qui Tam), harassment, unemployment, retaliation, and workers' compensation.

Employment and labor law professionals handle disputes with insurance claims, lawsuits, and court trials. For employers, labor attorneys may review contracts, agreements, and policy publications. They can fine-tune non-compete and non-solicitation agreements, severance agreements, independent contractor agreements, collective bargaining agreements, trade secrets documentation, employee policy manuals, and dispute resolution procedures. They also negotiate with claimants, public workers, unions, and labor organizations.

How a Labor Law Attorney Can Help You

• Assess your legal rights - The attorney will help you determine whether your rights have been violated or not, the strengths and weaknesses of your claim, and the legal consequences of filing a suit.

• Act as your legal coach - By acting as your legal coach, a labor lawyer will:

o explain what laws work best for you and how to enforce your right,
o advise you on the merits of your claim,
o give you feedback on court procedures,
o alert you to any problem areas,
o suggest evidence that may be useful to your claim;
o and draft or write the necessary paperwork.

• Negotiate - He will also deal with all levels of negotiation for your claims and represent you in confronting your employer. He can also help you finalize any agreement or settlement.

• Handle all communication -He will draft all letters, correspondence and even answer calls related to your concern

• Initiate legal action in the appropriate court

Before becoming an online writer, Manuel worked as a journalist, a newspaper columnist, a scriptwriter, a fiction writer, a magazine editor, and a tutor. He acquired his legal background as a Senate legislative officer and later on, as a researcher and paralegal staff in various law offices. Someday he hoped to go back and devote more time to writing fiction, which is his first passion.

Our labor law attorneys are very much capable in upholding the rights of the aggrieved employees. Contact us and we will be more than glad to provide help.

Labor and Employment Attorneys

2010-01-23T04:02:00.001+07:00

Houston has a good supply of labor and employment attorneys to help keep the business world equitable and fair to the workers. In the history of the world, it has only been in the last few generations that workers had rights and privileges afforded them.

For centuries workers have been at the mercy of their employers. They could be fired, terminated or abused at the whim of the employer or overseer. They had no rights and any complaints or legal action was always held against them. The courts supported the employers as the burden of proof was thrust upon their shoulders and rarely in this country or any other did the courts support the employee.

At the turn of the 19th century it was not uncommon for people to work up to 14 hours a day with little pay in unsafe conditions. Child labor was also rampant. Protests were attempted but the law favored the industrialists and the working man was repeatedly put down sometimes by government military action. So much for life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.

Times have changed and laws have been enacted to protect the worker. Houston has employment attorneys or lawyers trained and licensed to make sure these laws are upheld. Workers have the rights to benefits, such as paid leave for vacation, sick leave and paid holidays, breaks, disability, safely and health, hours they can be required to work with out additional compensation among other rights. The hope of the pursuit of happiness can be realized.

Rosenberg Law ( http://rosenberglaw.com/ ) is a Houston employment attorney, Texas practice devoted exclusively to employment law, primarily representing individuals in claims against their employers. Billings Farnsworth is a freelance writer.

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Labor & Employment Law Update - The Year 2009 in Review

2010-01-23T04:01:00.001+07:00

Top 5 List of issues which kept workplaces abuzz in 2009.

1. Swine Flu and the Workplace

On June 11, 2009, the World Health Organization declared the Swine Flu virus (H1N1) a pandemic. In doing so, employers across the U.S. scurried to take precautions for what to do when the virus struck their workplace. Fortunately, health commentators suggest that we've all seen the worst of this virus. However, no one can ever be certain. What is clear, however, is that labor and employment law specialists alike agreed that this highly contagious flu strain should not usher in disability and medical condition discrimination claims. This is, in part, because employers could encourage employees to be mindful of their coworkers and not risk losing their jobs if they contracted the illness. Relying on well-established, written Sick Leave, Paid Time Off, and Family Medical Leave policies ruled the day for how to handle a national pandemic in the workplace.

2. Mandatory Sick Leave

As "legal eagles" watch lobbyists around the country for setting the tone for workplace change, it has become more apparent that mandatory sick leave is an item on the agenda of many legislatures. The trend has been primarily motivated by San Francisco's Paid Sick Leave Ordinance which was enacted in 2007. Generally, lawmakers are aiming to assure "mid-size" employers (of 15 or more employees) provide paid leave and ensure return to work rights for employees. While a proposed Healthy Families Act failed in June, 2009 before the U.S. Congress, the move to ensure employer-sponsored sick leave may reveal itself in Health Reform legislation. Stay tuned.

3. Economic Stimulus Plans and Unemployment/COBRA Benefits

For many Americans, losing a job in one of the most economically challenging times of our generation is the ultimate nightmare. However, a proverbial bright star of these times is Congress's nod to extend unemployment benefits and to provide subsidies which assure displaced workers not only can afford to continue their medical benefits through COBRA but that employers can subsidize benefits through tax credits.

4. The ADAAA and EE/ER Interactive Exchanges

The Americans with Disabilities Act as Amended and enacted in January 2009 directed the EEOC to make new, broader, and more inclusive regulations to the original act. Generally, the amendments assure that all perceived and actual medical conditions which disable employees from working are protected such that an employee's disclosure of symptoms should not serve as a precursor to adverse employment actions. This means that an employee who is unable to work has the right to anticipate involvement in an interactive exchange that allows the employee to clarify his or her wish to return to work, arrive at a reasonable accommodation for returning to work, and be notified of his or her rights to return to work. However, legal commentators speculate that the impact of these amendments on modern workplaces remain to be seen and will not be fully known until more disability discrimination cases are litigated under the amendments. One thing that is clear is that the amendments have sparked more disability discrimination claims.

5. Age Discrimination and 'But For' Causation

In June 2009, the U.S. Supreme Court, the highest court in [America] the land, decided that employees alleging they were subjected to adverse employment action on the basis of their age were required to prove their case based on a standard that is much different than other classes of protected discrimination. Specifically, employees who claim they were demoted or terminated due to race, sex, or national origin (for example) are required to show that traits they cannot change about their person were motivating factors for why their employers failed to extend equal employment opportunities. Whereas employees who are 40 years or older must show that 'but for' their age they would not have been subjected to workplace discrimination. There is much hope among legal practitioners that clarity with current law will come from amendments to the Age Discrimination in Employment Act. The Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act of 2009 is a step towards the clarity sought. The latter has the effect of extending the time period in which claimants can bring suits challenging [unlawful] pay practices when employees, women in particular, discover late in their work careers that they've been subjected to questionable pay policies.

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Labor Law

2009-12-12T04:50:00.001+07:00

Find Free: Labor Law Advice

Free: Help Labor Dispute

Bryan Burbank is an expert in the field of Legal Issues and Finding Attorneys

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Labor Law 101

2009-12-12T04:49:00.000+07:00

While many employers do not readily embrace the idea of conspicuously posting information that tells their employees how to bring legal action against them, the obligation to display these notices is explicit in various labor laws and government regulations. The federal Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA), for example, includes a provision requiring all covered employers to display the federal minimum wage poster in an area frequented by employees. OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) regulations specifically require employers to post a federal safety and health poster or a state equivalent. Failure to comply with government labor law posting requirements could lead to citations and fines during an inspection. Fines vary by poster and by enforcing agency, ranging from as low as $110 up to a potential maximum of $10,000. In total, businesses that don't post these required notices or post outdated information could face combined fines up to $17,000 per location.

As a businessperson, you're probably well aware of the numerous bureaucratic requirements imposed on your business by various enforcing agencies, such as consumer protection laws, record-keeping and financial reporting requirements, and other laws regulating your service or industry. Worrying about posting requirements is a low priority at most businesses. So how do you ensure worry-free compliance with these mandatory posting requirements to safeguard your business from possible fines?

Cover All Bases

The list of posters your company may be required to display could be lengthy depending on what state you conduct business in and how many employees you have. Unfortunately, researching exactly what to post and where to obtain them can be a frustrating, time-consuming process. While the Internet is a great tool for conducting this research, be leery of what you find even on government sites, as many agencies clearly explain what they specifically require to be posted but fail to mention that other notices from other agencies are also required.

One sure way to find out exactly what needs to be displayed is to contact one of the many private companies such as Personnel Concepts that specialize in labor law compliance. Most of these firms have done the research for you and have compiled all required notices into an all-on-one reproduction, which is sufficient to ensure compliance. While these companies charge $30 or more for these posters, many businesses are willing to pay to avoid the time-consuming research needed to obtain the notices themselves.

Post Conspicuously

Posting the required information in a back room that employees never enter is not enough to ensure compliance. Government regulations specifically require that the information be displayed in an area frequented by employees during the normal course of the workday. For many companies, that means posting the mandatory notices next to employee time clocks or in lunch areas.

Additionally, some posters must also be displayed in lobbies or applicant areas, as they describe laws that protect job applicants from unlawful discrimination or harassment. One example is the federal "Equal Employment Opportunity Is the Law" Notice, published by the EEOC (Equal Employment Opportunity Commission).

Stay Current

Many employers already have labor law posters conspicuously displayed, but they may be grossly out of date. These posters are revised frequently by enforcing agencies to reflect law changes, minimum wage increases, court decisions, and new procedural requirements. The government has no obligation to notify business owners when a mandatory poster is revised, and employers have to take action to stay current. In many cases, having an outdated poster is equivalent to not having anything posted at all.

To keep your labor law information current, you must frequently check government Web sites or contact the agencies directly to inquire about updates. Since this can be a time-consuming process, many employers choose to pay a nominal fee to a private company (such as Personnel Concepts) to provide them with posting materials and notify them of updates when revisions occur.

Protect Notices from Alteration, Defacement or Theft

Simply posting the notices on your wall isn't enough to safeguard your business. Some posting regulations (most notably, OSHA's posting requirement) specifically require that the posters be protected so they cannot be altered, stolen, or defaced. Having the posters laminated by a third party or displaying them in a case or glass enclosure are common ways to avoid having posters removed or written on by employees and visitors.

Ensuring compliance with labor law posting regulations is a critical component to establishing a safe, legal, and fair workplace. While these posters often become an afterthought to busy employers, they represent a first line of defense against lawsuits and government fines. By obtaining and conspicuously posting all required notices, keeping them current, and protecting them from damage or theft, you can maintain legal compliance and ensure that your employees are informed about their workplace rights.

Robert Leland III is a Research Director at Personnel Concepts, the nation's leading provider of workplace compliance posters, including compilations of required labor law notices. He can be reached via email at rleland@personnelconcepts.com or on the Web at http://www.personnelconcepts.com.

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Contract Law

2009-12-12T04:47:00.001+07:00

A contract law is a binding legal agreement that is enforceable in a court of law. That is to say, a contract is an exchange of promises for the breach of which the law will provide a remedy. I have a passion for these types of cases.

Many firms work on the basis of contract law. Such firms are called contract firms. Firms like construction firms work on contract basis.Law firms dealing with cases related to contract laws (employment, salary etc) are called contract law firms.

If an employee works in a company for more than one month, he is entitled to a written employment contract which will cover all the important terms and conditions. An employment contract is an agreement to the terms and conditions of employment - agreed by both the employer and employee.

In principle, there is always a contract between an employee and an employer as the agreement of an employee to work and the employer's agreement to pay for work is a contract by nature. The employer may have previously outlined the conditions of employment (pay, hours, etc).

Even if the employee does not serve two months of employment, according to the employment contract law, he is still entitled to a copy of the contract if the job was originally meant to last longer than one month.

The most important right that contract law ensures to the employees is that they have a right to be paid for the work they do. Most companies agree in this, however at times there is a disagreement about the amount owed the employee.

Every firm has different contract terms and conditions. For example a construction firm has a separate construction contract for its employees. The firms' employer has a right to give reasonable instructions to them and for them to work at their job. These rights and obligations are called contractual terms. The government contract law provides the employees the right to national minimum wage and right to paid holidays.

I have been a legal consultant, author and lawyer for nearly 20 years. I have found that the legal system can seem confusing, overwhelming, and impersonal for many people. I'm taking on the task to demystify this process and assist consumers and small businesses in setting and reaching realistic goals for themselves and their families. It is a pleasure helping you to bring closure to what often is an expensive and frustrating problem, by providing only the the highest quality legal information anywhere. If you would like to learn more about this topic, you can read this article here. If you would like the latest, up to date, professional advice on all aspects of how to make smart legal decisions feel free to visit my informative website.

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State Labor Laws in Washington

2009-12-12T04:46:00.001+07:00

Before moving further into the article I would like to discuss about Washington. Well, Washington is a magnificent state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. It is not only a beautiful place to visit but also an excellent place to live and work. The labor and employment law in this state makes working better for everyone. These laws are intended to improve the working conditions of labors.

In this article I would like to state some of the state labor laws which are applicable in Washington.
Let us start with it.

1. Minimum wage rate
You will be happy to note that Washington has the highest minimum wage in the United States and has a long history of making progressive changes to its minimum wage laws. Under the fair labor standards act, an employee in this state must receive the federal minimum wage of $8.55 per hour. Well, this law applies to both agricultural and non agricultural sector. Minor labors who are 14 or 15 years old must be paid 85% of the minimum wage, or $7.27 an hour.

2. Labor Law posters
It is compulsory in this state to post labor law posters in the working place. Each organization must publish accurate and updated federal and state labor law posters. It must include information related to health and safety protection, minimum wage, minimum wage, unemployment insurance and worker right notices.

3. References
In this state a previous owner is free to provide any non-confidential information about a previous worker, so long as it is true. An owner who gives wrong information that disparages the worker may be liable for defamation.

4. Discrimination in employment
Owner in this state cannot distinguish the candidates on the basis of caste, creed, nationality, age and religion. If any employer is found to distinguish on this basis then severe action is taken against him or her.

5. Medical and family leave
Under federal law, eligible employees are allowed to take up to 12 weeks of unpaid medical leave.

6. Unemployment benefits
Washington has excellent unemployment insurance program which supports workers during times of unemployment. This law is basically intended to provide monetary compensation to workers who have been terminated without cause. It also provides temporary income while the employee seeks new employment.

Well, these are some of the laws which you will have to follow if you are an employee or an employer in this state. Make sure you strictly follow them.

Looking for State Labor Laws? Find out more about Washington State Labor Law.

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State Labor Laws in Texas

2009-12-12T04:45:00.000+07:00

Texas is the second largest state in the south-central part of the United States of America. It is surrounded by Mexico from the south, New Mexico from the west, Oklahoma from the north, Arkansas from the northeast, and Louisiana from the east. This place is famous for providing excellent working conditions to all the employees.

Some of the state labor laws which are applicable in this state are as follows:

1. Child labor laws
Child labor laws are basically made to ensure that a child is not employed in an occupation or manner that is harmful to the child's safety, health, or well-being. It is illegal to employ a child less than 14 years of age in this state. A 14 or 15 years old child may not work more than eight hours in one day or more than 48 hours in one week. He or she should not be employed in manufacturing, mining, or processing occupations.

2. Texas Minimum wage act
Under the fair labor standards act, an employee in this state must receive the federal minimum wage of $5.15 per hour.

3. Labor law posters at work place
Owners have to display several labor law posters at the workplace. Each owner must publish exact and updated federal and state labor law posters. It must include information related to health and safety protection, minimum wage, minimum wage, unemployment insurance and worker right notices.

4. Discrimination
Employers in Texas cannot discriminate the candidates on the basis of caste, creed, nationality, age and religion. If any employer is found guilty then a severe action is taken against him.

5. References
An earlier employer is liberated to provide any non-confidential information about an earlier worker. An employer who provides incorrect information that belittles the employee may be liable for punishment.

6. Employees hand book
An employee handbook provides a centralized, complete and certain record of the employer's policies and procedures.

5. Work place safety
According to federal and state law an employer is responsible for providing the best working condition to the employee. Each owner must comply with occupational safety and health standards, rules, regulations and orders issued as per the laws. If you will not provide the best working condition then you will be questioned by the employee.

I hope now you have a good idea of some of the laws which are prevailing in this state. Make sure that you follow them. If you will not follow these laws then you will be punished.

Looking for State Labor Law? Find out more about Texas State Labor Law.

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State Labor Laws in Utah

2009-12-12T04:44:00.002+07:00

Before moving further into the article, let us talk about Utah. Utah is known for being one of the most marvelous states in the western part of United States. It is not only a nice place to visit but also a great place to live and work. Various laws are made to protect the rights of workers in this state.

In this article I would like to state some of the state labor laws which are applicable in Utah. Let us start with it.

1. Minimum wage
As of July 24, 2009, the Utah minimum wage is $7.25 per hour. Minor employees, who are under 18 years of age, may be paid $4.25 per hour, as a training wage, for the first 90 days of employment. Workers receiving tips of at least $30.00 per month may be paid a cash wage of $2.13 per hour. All workers who put in over 40 weekly hours are entitled to a minimum wage of at least 1.5 times the regular applicable minimum wage.

2. Harassment
If you will be found guilty for any kind of harassment then you will definitely be punished very badly. The employer is answerable for any kind of mishappenings that may arise at work place. This law is basically made to make sure that the women are well protected in all the companies.

3. Discrimination
This act prohibits service discrimination on the basis of gender, race, religion, color, national origin, age, and disability. Utah's law also prohibits work discrimination on the basis of pregnancy, childbirth, or pregnancy-related conditions. If any owner is found guilty then he or she will be severely punished.

4. Safety and protection at work place
It is the first and foremost duty to an employer to ensure a safe working environment to all the workers. According to this law each owner should provide his workers, a place of employment which is free from any kind of hazards that may cause serious physical harm to the workers.

5. Work place injury
If an injury is caused to an employee at work place then he or she is entitled to receive compensation from the owner.

6. Utah labor law posters
It is mandatory on owner's part to post an updated and correct labor law poster in the work place so that workers are well aware of their rights.

These are some of the laws which are being followed in this state. Make sure that you provide the best working conditions to all the employees.

Looking for State Labor Law? Find out more about Utah State Labor Law.

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State Labor Laws in Vermont

2009-12-12T04:44:00.001+07:00

Vermont is an incredible state located in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. It is surrounded by Massachusetts from the south, New Hampshire from the east, New York from the west, and the Canadian province of Quebec from the north. The Vermont labor and employment laws are intended to protect the rights of the workers.

Listed below are some of the state labor laws which are applicable in this state.

1. Minimum Wage
Under the fair labor standards act, a worker in this state must receive the federal minimum wage of $8.06 per hour. He or she must be paid hourly. All workers who put in over 40 weekly hours are entitled to a minimum wage of at least 1.5 times the regular applicable minimum wage. You will be paid extra money for each extra hour you will work. You will be paid at the higher rate if you will work for extra hours.

2. Employment at will
The workers who are working without a contract are considered to be "at will". Vermont is an at-will employment state where at-will employees may be terminated for any legal reason.

3. Sexual harassment
An employer is responsible to a worker for any kind of sexual harassment, which can include unwelcome sexual advances, conduct or other physical or verbal acts of a sexual nature, which occur in the workplace.

4. Work place safety
It is the duty to an employer to provide a safe working place to all the workers. According to this law each owner should furnish to his workers, a place of employment which is free from any kind of hazards that may cause serious physical harm to the workers.
Each owner must comply with occupational safety and health standards, rules, regulations and orders issued as per the laws.

5. Vermont labor law posters
All the employers in this state have to post labor law posters in the working place. They must publish correct and updated federal and state labor law posters. These posters include information related to minimum wage, health and safety protection, minimum wage, unemployment insurance and worker right notices.

6. Work place injury
If a worker is injured during the working hours then the employer will have to pay the compensation to the employee according to some laws related to the work place injury.

Well, I hope now you have a good idea of some important state labor laws.

Looking for State Labor Law Law? Find out more about Vermont State Labor Law

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State Labor Laws in Virginia

2009-12-12T04:43:00.000+07:00

Virginia is a beautiful state on the Atlantic Coast of the Southern United States. Let me tell you that it is an excellent place to work and the working conditions are also very good over here. The Virginia labor and employment laws are intended to enforces the wage act and protect other important rights including minimum wage and the right to work.

Some of the state labor laws which are applicable in this state are as follows:

1. Minimum wage rate
According to federal fair labor standards act, an employee who has spouse, children, and parents must receive the federal minimum wage of $7.25 per hour.

2. Equal salary irrespective of gender
This law prohibits discrimination in pay based on gender. Both male and female are entitled to receive equal pay in this state for the same amount and kind of work.

3. Hiring
Well, no state government or court binds the employer to hire the best candidates. Owners are free to hire the candidate of their choice. However they cannot differentiate the candidates on the basis of age, color, creed, ancestry, arrest record, disability, marital status, nationality, race, sex etc.

4. References
A previous employer is free to provide any non-confidential information about a previous employee, so long as it is true and is not provided to unkindly harm the employee. An employer who provides false information that disparages the employee may be liable for defamation.

5. Discrimination and wrongful treatment
The owners in this state are not allowed to terminate or discriminate employees on the basis of age, color, creed, ancestry, arrest record, disability, marital status, nationality, race, sex etc. If any employer is found to distinguish on this basis then severe action is taken against him or her.

6. Injury caused at work place
If any worker is injured during the working hours then the employer will have to pay the compensation to the employee according to some laws related to the work place injury.

7. Safety and health protection
According to this law each owner should furnish to his workers, a place of employment which is free from any kind of hazards that may cause serious physical harm to the workers. Each owner must comply with occupational safety and health standards, rules, regulations and orders issued as per the laws.

Well, these are some of the rules that are prevailing in this state. You must strictly abide them if you are an employee or an employer.

Looking for State Labor Law Law? Find out more about Virginia State Labor Law

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